Soil and public health
Abstract
Purpose of the study. To study the prevalence, ways of preventing iodine deficiency, to analyze retrospectively the dynamics of the main epidemiological indicators of primary morbidity.
Materials and methods of research. To study the causes of the prevalence and ways of preventing iodine deficiency among the population of the republic, a retrospective analysis of domestic and foreign literature of state official statistics, Internet resources-articles, dissertations on iodine deficiency and women’s reproductive health was conducted.
The results of the study and their discussion. According to the map of soil zoning, Tajikistan belongs to the zone of mild, moderate iodine deficiency. The soil in the regions of the republic is mainly serozem and is considered poor in iodine content (1.33.8 mg/kg). In the structure of endocrine diseases, endemic goiter in the republic, which occurs as a complication of iodine deficiency diseases, occupies the first place. Of all the regions of the republic, the Sughd region is the most problematic on this issue, where endemic goiter is registered annually in 4.5% 6% of the population. Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region is only 1% behind on iodine deficiency issues. One of the congenital forms of iodine deficiency or hypothyroidism is the birth of premature babies and children with impaired brain functions. In Tajikistan, according to statistics, about 3% of children are born prematurely, and 1% of all live births (w/r) are with congenital pathology.
Conclusion. In regions where the soil is poor in iodine, also in our republic, mass iodine prophylaxis should be carried out constantly, among all groups of the population without exception, regardless of age, thyroid condition and the body as a whole. However, it can be recognized as effective only if at least 90% of families constantly consume only iodized salt. Such a level can be achieved only if there is a high degree of awareness of the population about the need and methods of iodine prevention.
About the Authors
M. B. Khakimova
NЕI “Medical Social Institute of Tajikistan”
Tajikistan
Tajikistan
Khakimova Mukhabbat Bakhodurovna - Candidate of Medical Sciences, a.h. of the Department of Hygiene and Ecology.
tel: (+992) 935-72-00-09
F. J. Sharifzoda
SEI Tajik State Medical University named after A.I. Abuali Ibni Sino
Tajikistan
Tajikistan
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Review
For citations:
Khakimova M.B., Sharifzoda F.J. Soil and public health. Herald of the medical and social institute of Tajikistan. 2022;(4):53-60. (In Russ.)
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