Characteristic of clinical and laboratory indicators for what in children

Relevance. The problem of whooping cough is now again topical for practical health care in all countries of the world. Despite the ongoing vaccination of this disease, the intensity of the epidemic process and incidence rates are steadily growing. The increase in the incidence of whooping cough is associated with violations of preventive vaccinations among children under 1 year of age, medical withdrawals from vaccination, and delayed initiation of immunization.

Aim. To study the clinical features of pertussis in children during the period of rising incidence.

Material and methods. Under our supervision there were 150 children with whooping cough at the age from 1 month to 14 years old, who were hospitalized at the State Medical Center No. 1 named after K. Akhmedov (Dushanbe). The diagnosis of the disease was verified by clinical, epidemiological and laboratory diagnostic methods (detection of the causative agent of whooping cough in laryngeal-pharyngeal washes and serological studies). The age structure of patients was distributed as follows: children under 1 year-66, from 1-3 years old - 44, from 4-7 years old-25, from 7-14 years old - 15. Regarding the forms of severity of the disease in patients with whooping cough, it should be noted that in children with a mild form of whooping cough there were 26 (17.3%), a moderate form of 66 (44.0%) and a severe form of 58 (38.7%) patients.

Results and discussion. The duration of the incubation period for whooping cough in 120 (80.6% of patients) averaged 7-8 days, and in newborns in 30 (20.4% of patients) it was shortened to 5 days. The duration of the preconvulsive period ranged from 3 to 14 days. In patients under 1 year old, it was significantly shorter than in other age groups and amounted to 6.5±0.34 days, and in children over 7 years old, it was 9.3±0.34 days. The main symptom of the preconvulsive period in all patients was a dry obsessive cough with its gradual intensification and the acquisition of a spasmodic character in the 2-3rd week of the disease, especially at night. The body temperature in the majority of patients (94.6%) remained normal. Short-term subfebrile condition was significantly more often recorded in children aged 7-14 years and was associated with the addition of ARVI.

Conclusion. Whooping cough can occur in all age groups, including children under 1 month of age, retaining its typicality, more often proceeding in a moderate form. Severe forms are more common in patients in the first year of life, in whom the preconvulsive period is observed in all patients, the duration of which is significantly shorter in children of 1 year of age.

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