Hemorrhagic stroke and pneumonia

Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of ventilation in patients with acute cerebral circulatory disorders of hemorrhagic type. Material and methods: а retrospective analysis of the medical histories of 480 patients with acute cerebral circulatory disorders by hemorrhagic and ischemic type for 2018-2022 was carried out. The average age of patients was 62.9±11.4 years. Men accounted for 217 (45.2%) patients, and women — 263 (54.8%). The patient’s or relatives’ complaints were collected (in the absence of verbal contact), anamnesis study, general clinical examination, assessment of neurological disorders, neuroimaging research methods (computer and magnetic resonance imaging), ophthalmological studies. Results: depending on the localization, intracerebral hematomas were distributed as follows: in the frontal lobe – 33 (6,9%), in the occipital lobe – 26 (5,4%), in the hemispheres of the cerebellum 43 (9,0%), in the form of ventricular hemorrhages 81 (16,8%), and in the parietal–temporal lobes 297 (61,9%). One of the main symptoms was a violation of the level of consciousness and it was assessed on the Glasgow coma scale. The severity of the hospitalized patients’ condition was assessed according to the following criteria: the depth of the level of consciousness, the height of blood pressure, age and concomitant somatic condition. After a thorough assessment of the general condition, somatic status, age, level of consciousness, as well as according to tomodensitometric data, the patients were sorted depending on the treatment tactics. 157 (32.7%) patients were given an indication for surgery. The mortality rate among young patients was 33.9%, most of the survivors had a relatively favorable outcome of the disease, and in elderly patients the mortality     rate was 66,1%. Most of the patients (73.7%) died within 7 days of respiratory support, which was most often associated with life-incompatible cerebral damage. Conclusion: an adequate assessment of the prognosis of the disease and the expected results in this category of patients who need a ventilator is necessary not only for doctors, but also for the families of patients.

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