Characteristics of the nasal microflora in patients with allergic rhinitis in the Aral Sea region
Abstract
This article examines the nasal microbiota of patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) aged 7–17 years living in the Muynak district of the Aral Sea region. The microbiota plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis and the body’s immune and metabolic processes. Its composition depends on the state of the immune system, environmental influences, age, and lifestyle, leading to dynamic changes in the biocenosis. Karakalpakstan is located in the Aral Sea ecological crisis zone: sea desiccation, soil salinization, dust storms, and air pollution are accompanied by an increase in morbidity, including allergic pathologies, which affect one in three residents of the region. Environmental factors contribute to changes in the nasal mucosa and increased bacterial counts. Staphylococcus aureus is particularly significant, as research shows that it increases nasal congestion, aggravates rhinitis and sinusitis, and contributes to chronicity.
About the Authors
Z. N. Orynbaeva
Tashkent State medical University
Tajikistan
Tajikistan
Orynbaeva Zukhra Naurizbaevna – assistant of Department of Microbiology, Virology and Immunology
Z. A. Nuruzova
Tashkent State medical University
Tajikistan
Tajikistan
Nuruzova Zukhra Abdikadirovna MD, professor, Head of the Department of microbiology, virology and immunology
References
1. Alharbi NS. Screening of antibiotic resistant staphylococci in the nasal cavity of patients and healthy individuals. Saudi J Biol Sci. 2020;27(1):100 5.
2. Andrianova I.V. The study of the microbiota of the nasopharynx of healthy children in differentage groups by gas chromatography. Mat i Ditia v Kuzbasse. 2023;2(93):10 6. (In Russ)
3. Berezhansky PV, Shubin LB, Chuprikova NP. Prevalence of allergic rhinitis among children living in the Odintso city district of the Moscow region. Med Pharm J Pulse. 2022;24(5):5-12. (In Russ)
4. Brożek JL, Bousquet J, Agache I, et al. Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) guidelines 2016 revision. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2017;140(4):950 8. doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2017.03.050
5. De Boeck I, Wittouck S, Wuyts S, et al. Comparing the healthy nose and nasopharynxmicrobiota reveals continuity as well as niche specificity. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2017;8:2372. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2017.02372
6. Dierick BJ, van der Molen T, Flokstra de Blok BM, et al. Burden and socioeconomics of asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis and food allergy. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res. 2020;20(5):437 53. doi:10.1080/14737167.2020.1819793
7. Doulaptsi M, Wils T, Hellings PW, et al. Mometasonefuroate and fluticasone furoate are equally effective in restoring nasal epithelial barrier dysfunction in allergic rhinitis. World Allergy Organ J. 2021; 9:100585. doi:10.1016/j.waojou.2021.100585
8. Fujimura KE, Lynch SV. Microbiota in allergy and asthma and the emerging relationship with the gut microbiome. Cell Host Microbe. 2015;17(5):592-602. doi:10.1016/j.chom.2015.04.007
9. Kochetkov PA, Svistushkin VM, Shchennikova ES. An integrated approach to treatment of allergic rhinitis Meditsinskiy Sovet. 2023;17(7):96-100.
10. Kumpitsch C, Koskinen K, Schöpf V, Moissl Eichinger C. The microbiome of the upper respiratory tract in health and disease. BMC Biol. 2019;17(1):87. doi:10.1186/s12915-019-0703-z
11. Melnik AM, Voronov AV, Dvoryanchikov VV, Isachenko VS, Achba RR. The state of the microflora of the nasal cavity with polypous rhinosinusitis. Ross Otorinolaringol. 2017;1(86):73-82.(In Russ)
12. Nenasheva NM, Shilenkova VV. Control of symptoms of allergic rhinitis in adults in the Russian Federation: results of an online survey. Russ Med Inq. 2021;5(1):25 31. doi:10.32364/2587-6821-2021-5-1-25-31.(In Russ)
13. Orinbayeva Z.N., Nuruzova Z.A., Shahobiddinova D.A. Features of microbiocenosis of the nasal mucosa and its role in allergic diseases (literature review). Central Asian Journal of Medicine. 2025; 3:109–116.
14. Orinbayevа Z.N., Аnalysis of the trend in the development of bronchial asthma among the population of the republic of Karakalpakstan. Bulletin of the Medical and Social Institute of Tajikistan. 2025;2:154.
15. Yarnykh T, Oliinyk S, Pul Luzan V. et al. Treatment of allergic rhinitis: a review of homeopathic therapy. J Adv Pharm Educ Res. 2023;13(2):107 17. doi:10.51847/7ovEPZSDdV
16.
Review
For citations:
Orynbaeva Z.N., Nuruzova Z.A. Characteristics of the nasal microflora in patients with allergic rhinitis in the Aral Sea region. Herald of the medical and social institute of Tajikistan. 2025;(3):42-48. (In Russ.)
Views:
31
Email this article 