Interleukin levels (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10) in elderly uzbek patients with type 2 diabetes with and without diabetic foot syndrome
Abstract
Purpose of the study. Determination of the relationship between the levels of proinflammatory (TNF-α, IL-6) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines and glucose metabolism parameters in patients with T2DM and to identify differences between patients with and without DFS.
Material and research methods. 60 elderly patients (aged 60–74 years) diagnosed with T2DM and 39 patients with T2DM complicated by DFS. A control group were 23 healthy volunteers with a body mass index (BMI) <30 kg/m², matched by age and sex. Cytokine levels (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10) and procalcitonin (PCT) were measured in blood serum using (ELISA). Data analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel and GraphPad Prism 8.0.1. Statistical processing included Student’s t-test and Pearson correlation analysis (p<0.05 was considered statistically significant).
Results of the study and discussion. In the group without DFS, a moderate positive correlation was found between TNF-α and HbA1c (p<0.05), as well as between TNF-α and IL-6 (p<0.001). In the DFS group, stronger correlations were observed between TNF-α and HbA1c (p<0.001), as well as between TNF-α and PCT (p<0.05). IL-6 showed a strong positive correlation with HbA1c (p<0.001) in the DFS group, whereas in the non-DFS group, the correlation was less pronounced (p<0.05). In the DFS group, a moderate negative correlation was found between IL-6 and BMI (p<0.05), which was not observed in patients without DFS.
Conclusions. In the non-DFS group, a moderate positive correlation was found between TNF-α and HbA1c (p<0.05), as well as between TNF-α and IL-6 (p<0.001). In the DFS group, stronger correlations were observed between TNF-α and HbA1c (p<0.001), as well as between TNF-α and PCT (p<0.05). IL-6 showed a strong positive correlation with HbA1c (p<0.001) in the DFS group, whereas in the non-DFS group the correlation was less pronounced (p<0.05). In the DFS group, a moderate negative correlation was found between IL-6 and BMI (p<0.05), which was not observed in the non-DFS patients.
About the Authors
Z. N. Ergasheva
Department of Microbiology, Virology, and Immunology, Tashkent Medical Academy
Uzbekistan
Uzbekistan
Ergasheva Z.N. – PhD doctorant
Tashkent
M. V. Zalyalieva
Laboratory of Immunity Physiology, Institute of Immunology and Human Genomics, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Uzbekistan
Uzbekistan
Z. A. Nuruzova
Department of Microbiology, Virology, and Immunology, Tashkent Medical Academy
Uzbekistan
Uzbekistan
Tashkent
References
1. Pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6) play a significant role in glucose metabolism disturbances in T2DM, as evidenced by their correlation with HbA1c.
2. Inflammation was more pronounced in the DFS group, with stronger correlations observed between TNF-α, IL-6, and glycemic parameters.
3. The negative correlation between IL-6 and BMI in DFS patients may reflect specific metabolic changes associated with diabetic complications.
4. The observed negative correlation between TNF-α and PCT in DFS patients suggests potential peculiarities in the inflammatory response in complicated T2DM cases.
5. Further research is needed to evaluate the potential of IL-6 and TNF-α levels as biomarkers for metabolic disturbances and the prognosis of T2DM complications.
Review
For citations:
Ergasheva Z.N., Zalyalieva M.V., Nuruzova Z.A. Interleukin levels (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10) in elderly uzbek patients with type 2 diabetes with and without diabetic foot syndrome. Herald of the medical and social institute of Tajikistan. 2025;(2):82-85.
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