THE HISTORY AND CAUSES OF TERRORISM. MEASURES TO PROTECT AGAINST IT

Purpose of the study: - based on an analysis of literature data, to consider the causes of terrorism and protective measures. Study the concept of terrorism and the causes of its occurrence, identify problems in the fight against terrorism, consider ways to protect against terrorism as a threat to the security of the state and people. The object of this study is terrorism as an ideological, political and socio-legal phenomenon. The subject is the conditions for the emergence of terrorism.

Materials and methods of research. The research was carried out on the basis of studying scientific, popular science, and analytical materials on the Internet on the history of terrorism, and laws on combating terrorism in individual countries. Studying the history and phenomenon of terrorism and terrorist organizations. Identify the main causes and type of terrorism. The reasons for the penetration and use of terrorist methods in international relations, the reasons for the ineffectiveness of the fight against terrorism in the world.

Results of the study and their discussion. In modern conditions, terrorism represents one of the most dangerous threats. Modern international terrorist organizations, possessing powerful human, material and organizational resources, are capable of operating on a transnational scale. Therefore, the need to counter terrorism is recognized not only by individual states, but also by the world community as a whole. On the other hand, terrorist threats, which all countries have had and still have to resist, are an integral part of the threat from international terrorism in the stage of its globalization. And in modern world politics, the fight against international terrorism has become perhaps the most important problem in recent years.

Research results. Terrorism also causes serious damage to the moral health of society. A change in world public opinion and the positions of most countries of the world on the problems of combating international terrorism occurred after September 11, 2001, when the only remaining superpower in the world, which had the greatest resources and capabilities in world politics, became the target of terrorist attacks. The US conflict with international Islamic terrorism emerged during the formation of a unipolar world under American auspices. President George W. Bush’s proposal to choose between “terrorists and us” led to the creation of a broad anti-terrorist coalition led by the United States. The Russian Federation’s support for US actions and Russia’s participation in the anti-terrorist coalition were determined by its own national-state interests. Since the threat of terrorism, which had a clear international component, at that time became the main threat to Russia’s internal security, its foreign policy should have been most active in the area of counterterrorism cooperation.

Сonclusion. In conclusion, it should be noted that the state, which bears the primary responsibility for countering terrorism, must use all means at its disposal to prevent and combat terrorism and religious extremism, initiating the necessary measures and implementing adequate legal actions to protect society. The basis for ensuring an effective organization of countering terrorism, according to most researchers, is the creation of an effective system of interrelated measures to identify, prevent, prevent and suppress terrorism, the development and implementation of a national comprehensive program, including political, social, economic, legal, ideological, special (operational, investigative, technical, security) and other aspects.

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