Аuditory function in patients with chronic suppurative otitis media

Abstract

Aim of the study. Evaluation of hearing in various forms of chronic suppurative otitis media.

Material and methods of the study. In the conditions of the audiology department of the ENT clinic of the National Medical Center of the Republic of Tajikistan, for the period 2021-2024, we examined and operated on 45 patients aged 19 to 45 years (including 18 women and 27 men) suffering from chronic suppurative otitis media with varying degrees of hearing loss.

Results of the study and their discussion. Surgical tactics were determined depending on the degree of destructive changes in various structures of the middle ear, the nature of intraoperative findings, the prevalence of cholesteatoma and the state of the ossicular chain. General cavity sanitizing operation (antromastoidotomy) was performed in 19 patients and antromastoidotomy with one-stage tympanoplasty - 26 patients with chronic purulent otitis media. In the immediate postoperative period, a satisfactory anatomical result was obtained in 28 (62.2%), and in the late postoperative period in 38 (84.4%) patients.

Conclusions. Impairment of the auditory nerve function in chronic suppurative otitis media depends on the clinical form and localization of cholesteatoma in different parts of the middle ear (mesotympanitis - 20.5%, epitympanitis - 30.8%, mesoepitympanitis - 48.7%), frequency of exacerbations, number of operations, outcomes of operations and relapses of diseases after surgery. According to the results of a comprehensive audiological study in patients with chronic suppurative otitis media, conductive hearing loss was diagnosed in 25 (55.6%), mixed hearing loss - in 16 (35.8%), and sensorineural hearing loss - in 4 (8.6%) patients.