Some issues of the clinical course of central nervous system damage in newborns
Abstract
Aim. To study the impact of risk factors on the development of brain damage in the perinatal period.
Material and methods. The work is based on a retrospective analysis of medical documentation of the maternity institution and the “Mother and Child” department of the State Institution MK “Istiklol” in Dushanbe. The analysis included birth histories and developmental charts of newborns for the period from 2019 to 2021. In the process of work, data from statistical accounting form 32 “Report on the provision of medical care to pregnant women, women in labor, postpartum women and newborns” was also used. Approved by order of the Agency for Statistics under the President of the Republic of Tajikistan No. 054 dated October 11, 2013, the analysis covered the period from 2017 to 2021.
Results and discussion. The maximum number of children injured during childbirth in the republic during the five analyzed years was born in 2018 - 2020 cases. The total number of children with birth trauma in 2021 was 1879 children, where over the course of five years, the T/loss rate decreased by - 20.9%, the increase in the proportion of sick children amounted to 393 cases. In Dushanbe, over the course of five years, the maximum number of newborns who suffered intrauterine hypoxia was born in 2019 - 962, which amounted to 7.4% of the total number of newborns born sick or ill. In 2021, there was a decrease in the proportion of children born sick, the T/loss rate was 53.3%.
Conclusions. An unstable downward trend in the number of children born sick or ill has been identified; there is an increase in this indicator in 2021 relative to other years.
The proportion of children who suffered intrauterine hypoxia has a clear trend of decline over the course of five years. The number of children born due to asphyxia in Dushanbe has a pronounced downward trend.
As a result of perinatal neurosonography (NSG), (6.3%) newborns had various forms of hemorrhage in the periventricular region in the form of (PVH and IVH), in 21.5% intraventricular hemorrhage of the 1st degree, IVH of the 2nd degree were determined in 63.4 %, stage 3 IVH in 12.8 % and stage 4 IVH in 2.3 %.
About the Authors
A. Vokhidov
GA MK “Istiklol
Tajikistan
Tajikistan
Vokhidov Abdusalom – Honored Worker of the Republic of Tajikistan, leading researcher, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor
tel: 907707996
R. F. Abdurakhmanova
GOU “Institute of Postgraduate Education in the Field of Health of the Republic of Tajikistan”
Tajikistan
Tajikistan
D. S. Khakiroev
GA MK “Istiklol
Tajikistan
Tajikistan
N. N. Abidzhanova
State Educational Institution “TSMU named after. Abuali ibni Sino”
Tajikistan
Tajikistan
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Review
For citations:
Vokhidov A., Abdurakhmanova R.F., Khakiroev D.S., Abidzhanova N.N. Some issues of the clinical course of central nervous system damage in newborns. Herald of the medical and social institute of Tajikistan. 2024;(2):15-27. (In Russ.)
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